We have been given two ears and but a single mouth, in order that we may hear more and talk less.” —Zeno of Citium
The most important aspect of marketing, and communication in general, is the act of listening. Without the ability to listen, that is to receive, process, understand and act on information, we can’t create marketing that works, nor truly assist our clients with their needs.
Though listening is the most important and the largest component when creating marketing, the problem is that we as small business owners often lack good listening skills, so we don’t end-up listening well to our clients, nor presenting marketing materials that are truly understood by our clients and potential clients.
Marketing is not a one-way process of creating a message and simply delivering it. You can increase the effectiveness of your marketing by listening more closely to what your clients are asking for and presenting it to them so that they understand what you are offering.
Marketing means understanding your clients by listening to them fully and completely. Great listeners are made, not born – and great listening skills can be learned.
Active Listening
The following is a guide to Active Listening. Fully understanding and communicating with others involves a lot of effort. It’s about making connections. But it becomes second nature as you fully understand the goals and returns of Active Listening.
Supportive, effective, reciprocating communication—Active Listening—focuses not only on the verbal aspect of communication, but on the nonverbal as well. Non-verbal communication can make-up the bulk of what we take in while listening, but we need to learn to focus on these conscious, unconscious and even subconscious elements of communication.
Learning to quiet one’s own thoughts and to avoid prejudging others is a first step.
After we do that, Active Listening can be understood as not just listening but clarifying and understanding another’s thoughts and feelings. To listen actively involves several steps: you need to stop, look, listen, question, paraphrase content and paraphrase feelings:
Step 1—Stop…
Stop what you are doing; eliminate distractions; focus on the person speaking. Without fully committing to the communication at this preliminary step you cannot fully and actively listen to the speaker.
Step 2—Tune-in…
Tune-in to the nonverbal cues that the speaker is communicating. This will help you understand how the person is feeling. Most communication of emotion comes through these cues.
For instance, look at the speaker’s face; the face is a window to the speaker’s feelings. Tune-in to his voice: is it trembling? Is it confident? Don’t forget body language: body language and gestures can highlight a speaker’s feelings. Are her arms crossed? Is she leaning to support herself? Is she leaning forward to make an emphatic point?
Step 3—Listen…
Listen for what the speaker is telling you, and not only what is overtly stated. Though the speaker may not say exactly how he feels, look for clues. Match verbal with nonverbal cues to decipher both the content and the emotion of the speaker’s message. Try to interpret the message according to the sender’s code system, rather than yours.
Step 4—Ask questions back…
As you try to understand the speaker, you will need to ask questions. Your questions will fit one of four categories:
- to obtain additional information (“When will your part of the project be ready?”)
- to find out how someone feels (“What are your feelings around what the VP said?”)
- to ask for clarification (“When you say that this project is beyond you, do you mean that you haven’t received proper guidance?”) and
- to verify your conclusion about your partner’s meaning or feeling (“Are you saying that you can’t complete the project without additional staff resources?”)
Step 5—Paraphrase content…
Paraphrasing is restating in your own words what you think another person is saying, and could be included in the Ask questions bullet above. Paraphrasing is not repeating back everything that the speaker has said—you can repeat something exactly without understanding what it means. Instead briefly summarize the speaker’s message to that point:
Step 6—Paraphrase feelings…
Follow-up your paraphrasing of the content of the message with a question such as “You’re probably feeling pretty frustrated right now aren’t you?”. Such a paraphrase will allow the speaker to either agree with the assessment or clarify how she’s feeling. The speaker may respond, “NO, I’m not frustrated. I’m just disappointed that the job’s not working out”.
When you have completed these steps you can say that you have a fully completed portrait of your speaker’s message. You can truly say that you have listened.